Home › State guides › Wisconsin
Home Daycare License Requirements in Wisconsin (2026)
Opening a home daycare in Wisconsin means getting a family child care home license from the Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF), Division of Early Care and Education, Bureau of Early Care Regulation (BECR). Here is exactly what that takes in 2026 — your capacity limit and ratios, the training and background checks, the application steps, and the postings and enrollment forms you need — sourced to the state’s own rules and dated.
In brief — Wisconsin
- Licensing agency
- Wisconsin Department of Children and Families (DCF), Division of Early Care and Education, Bureau of Early Care Regulation (BECR)
- Program / rule
- Licensed Family Child Care Center under Wis. Admin. Code ch. DCF 250, in the edition of Register March 2026 No. 843A4 as amended by the Large Family Child Care Centers and Assistant Child Care Teachers rule, effective August 1, 2026. That rule implements 2025 Wisconsin Act 15 (the 2025-27 biennial budget), which created s. 48.67 (2m), Stats., directing the department to establish a category of large family child care centers serving 4 to 12 children, regulated like 4-to-8-child centers except that no more than 2 providers may give care at one time. The license rests on s. 48.65 (1), Stats., the background check on s. 48.686, Stats., and ch. DCF 13. Group child care centers (13 or more children since August 1, 2026) fall under ch. DCF 251, certified providers under ch. DCF 202.
- Maximum group size
- There is no age-banded group size in family child care as there is in a group center. The whole center is one group and 12 is the number (DCF 250.055 (2) (a)), counting all children under 7 including the provider's own and all children 7 and over who are not the provider's own. Within that ceiling the only sizing instrument is the weight arithmetic of DCF 250.055 (2) (b) and Table DCF 250.055, capped by the statutory bar in s. 48.67 (2m), Stats., on more than 2 providers at one time. Three things lower the effective number: space (35 square feet of usable indoor floor space per child and 75 square feet of outdoor play space per child based on licensed capacity, DCF 250.06 (1) (b) 1. and (11) (b) 2.); age mix (the 4-under-18-months and 8-under-18-months stops of DCF 250.055 (2) (c)); and the level of the house (par. (d)). During night care, care between 10:00 p.m. and 5:00 a.m. under DCF 250.03 (21), the same ratios and group sizes apply, and where the same premises serve both day and night care the number of children during any overlap may not exceed licensed capacity (DCF 250.10 (2)).
- CPR & first aid
- Yes — required before licensure
- Last verified
- 2026-08-24
Who needs a license — home types in Wisconsin
A family child care center is defined at DCF 250.03 (9), as amended effective August 1, 2026, as a facility where a person provides care and supervision for less than 24 hours a day for at least 4 and not more than 12 children who are not related to the provider. Related is not defined in DCF 250; it takes its content from the exemption at s. 48.65 (2) (a), Stats., which excuses a parent, grandparent, great-grandparent, stepparent, brother, sister, first cousin, nephew, niece, uncle or aunt of the child, by blood, marriage or legal adoption. That is the whole lane. Fewer than 4 unrelated children under age 7 and no license is required; you may instead be certified by your county or tribal agency under s. 48.651, Stats., and ch. DCF 202, which covers persons caring for 1 to 3 children under 7 unrelated to the provider. Thirteen or more and you are a group child care center under ch. DCF 251, a different rule book with different staff qualifications and no longer a home-based license. DCF states it plainly: a provider who wishes to care for 4 or more unrelated children is not eligible for certification and must obtain a license.
Three conditions attach to the person, not the house. The applicant must be an individual at least 18 years of age (DCF 250.11 (2) (am), amended August 1, 2026); you may organise the business or tax identity as an LLC but may not hold the child care license as an LLC. No person may hold licenses for more than 2 family child care centers unless they issued before March 1, 2023 (par. (ar)). And the licensee must be fit and qualified, defined at DCF 250.03 (11) to cover abuse of alcohol or drugs, a conviction or rule violation substantially related to the care of children, exercise of unsound judgment, and any other action showing inability to manage a center. The license attaches to the premises: a licensee may not move the center or change ownership without notifying the department at least 30 days ahead, and either change requires a new application and a new license (DCF 250.11 (6) (c)).
How many children you can care for in Wisconsin
Twelve children present, four unrelated children enrolled, and the two numbers are counted differently. The licensed figure is the DCF 250.03 (9) range of at least 4 and not more than 12 children not related to the provider. The physical ceiling is DCF 250.055 (2) (a), amended August 1, 2026: at no time may more than 12 children be in the care of the center, and that limit applies to two populations added together, all children under 7 years of age including a provider's own children (subd. 1.), and all children 7 years of age or older who are not a provider's own children (subd. 2.). Those two subdivisions are where providers get written up. Your own children under 7 occupy space inside the 12 even though, being related to you, they do not count toward the licensed 4-to-12 figure; a provider's own children is defined at DCF 250.03 (28) to include natural or adopted children, foster children, stepchildren and other children residing in the center. Your own children aged 7 and over do not count at all. Other people's children aged 7 and over do count, and the department's commentary is explicit that children 7 or older who visit to play with children in care, or to act as a helper for the provider, are in the provider's care.
Overlap is not forgiven: a period in which more children are present than the ceiling allows, for instance while one shift arrives before another leaves, is a violation, and the commentary states an exception may never be granted to exceed licensed capacity. Capacity is a condition of the license: a licensee shall request an amendment in writing to change the number of children served, the age range, the hours, days or months of operation, or the name of the center, and may not make any of those changes without prior written approval (DCF 250.11 (6) (a), (b)). New with the August 2026 rule, a licensee proposing to increase licensed capacity shall first demonstrate compliance with ch. DCF 250 in the existing center and with the rules for any other facility the department licenses to that licensee (par. (d)): an 8-child licensee does not become a 12-child licensee by adding children. Two structural limits can hold you below 12 whatever the arithmetic allows: 35 square feet of usable indoor floor space per child (DCF 250.06 (1) (b) 1.) and 75 square feet of outdoor play space per child measured against licensed capacity (DCF 250.06 (11) (b) 2.). Operating outside the lane is criminal, not merely administrative: under s. 48.76, Stats., any person who violates s. 48.65 may be fined not more than $500 or imprisoned for not more than one year in county jail or both.
Adult-to-child ratios
Wisconsin publishes no adult-to-child ratio grid for family child care. It publishes an arithmetic. Under DCF 250.055 (2) (b), recreated effective August 1, 2026, the licensee shall determine the numerical weight of each child's age group from Table DCF 250.055, add the weights, and apply one threshold: 1.2 or less and one provider may care for the group; more than 1.2 and two providers are required. Table DCF 250.055, captioned Maximum Numerical Weight of 1.2 for One Provider, assigns .25 to a child from birth to 17 months, .187 from 18 months to 1 year and 11 months, .125 from 2 years to 4 years and 11 months, and .056 to a child 5 years and older; the department supplies an online calculator and the Child Care Provider-To-Child Ratio Worksheet - Family Child Care Centers rather than a chart, because the answer depends on the mix. Note what the amendment did: the old cutoff at age 2 moved to 18 months, so a child of 18 to 23 months now carries .187 instead of the infant weight. Two hard stops sit on top of the arithmetic. If one provider is caring for 4 children under 18 months, the center may only enrol additional children 5 years of age and older; if 2 providers are caring for 8 children under 18 months, likewise (DCF 250.055 (2) (c)).
And where care is given on a level more than 6 feet above or below ground level, no more than 2 children under 18 months per provider may be there (par. (d)), and an interconnected smoke detection system is required (DCF 250.06 (4) (a) 2.). There is a ceiling on providers as well as on children: s. 48.67 (2m), Stats., as created by 2025 Wisconsin Act 15, directs the department to prohibit a large family child care center from authorising more than 2 providers to give care at one time, which is why 12 is the end of the line rather than a step toward a bigger home program. Who may be counted is as regulated as how many. At least one lead provider trained under DCF 250.05 (3) (b) shall supervise children at all times, except when a substitute is providing care (DCF 250.055 (1) (e)); where a substitute is giving care and 2 providers are required, at least one provider trained under (3) (b) or (3) (bm) shall supervise at all times (par. (em), created August 1, 2026). No person under 18 years of age may be left in sole charge of the children (par. (f)), so a 16-year-old assistant provider may be counted in ratio but never left alone. A volunteer counted in ratio shall be at least 18, and a substitute or volunteer counted in ratio must meet the assistant provider training by the time that person has worked a cumulative 240 hours in the center (DCF 250.05 (3) (c), (cm)).
Two supervision rules complete the picture: a provider shall be awake at all times when children are in care and may not be engaged in any other activity or occupation during hours of operation except daily maintenance of the home (DCF 250.055 (1) (b), (h)); and no provider may care for children more than 16 hours, and no child may be in care more than 14 hours, in any 24-hour period (pars. (c), (d)).
Training you must complete before licensure
Wisconsin front-loads one course and back-loads the rest, and the August 2026 rule moved the important one forward. Under DCF 250.05 (3) (b), as amended effective August 1, 2026, before receiving a license or beginning to work with children a licensee or lead provider shall be at least 18 years of age and satisfactorily complete one of the following: subd. 1., BOTH three credits in early childhood education or a department-approved non-credit course in early childhood education (the approved course is Introduction to the Child Care Profession) AND a non-credit department-approved course in operating a child care business or 2 credits in business or program administration (the approved course is Fundamentals of Family Child Care); or subd. 2., The Registry Family Child Care Credential; or subd. 3., a child development associate credential in family child care from the Council for Professional Recognition. A person licensed or providing care in regulated child care continuously since December 31, 2008 is exempt from the business course. New with the August 2026 rule, DCF 250.11 (3) (cm) makes this a condition precedent rather than a first-year obligation: before receiving a probationary license, an applicant shall satisfactorily complete the same course or credential required of a lead provider.
Two further trainings precede the license or contact with children. Prior to obtaining a license or working with children under 5, a licensee, provider, substitute, volunteer, emergency back-up provider or any other person providing care shall complete department-approved training in shaken baby syndrome and abusive head trauma and appropriate ways to manage crying, fussing or distraught children (DCF 250.05 (3) (g)); the current course, Abusive Head Trauma Prevention Training for Child Care Providers, is free online from DCF. Prior to working with children and at least every 2 years thereafter, each provider and substitute shall complete training in child abuse and neglect laws, how to identify abused or neglected children, and the procedure for immediate reporting (par. (fm)). Everything else is dated from licensure or hire, not before. Within 3 months after licensure or hire each licensee and provider shall obtain a certificate of completion for a department-approved course in infant and child cardiopulmonary resuscitation including use of an automated external defibrillator, and shall keep it current (par. (e)); where the certificate shows no validity period the training must be renewed yearly.
At least 10 hours of department-approved training in the care of infants and toddlers is due within 6 months after becoming licensed or working with children under 2 (par. (f)). A physical examination report completed within 12 months before or 30 days after licensure or hire must state that the person is free from illness detrimental to children including tuberculosis and is physically able to work with young children (DCF 250.05 (2) (d) 1.), and a Wisconsin Registry certificate showing the person is qualified for the position is due the later of 6 months after licensure or starting work (par. (e) 1.). Every provider, employee, volunteer or substitute shall receive a documented orientation from the licensee before working with children, covering the 15 items of DCF 250.05 (4) (a). The August 2026 rule created a second staff tier: an assistant provider shall be at least 16 years old, shall work under the supervision of a lead provider, and shall complete within 6 months of assuming the position either two credits in early childhood education or its equivalent, one non-credit department-approved early childhood course, or an assistant child care teacher training program approved by the Department of Public Instruction (DCF 250.05 (3) (bm)); the same rule repealed the program aide position and the old requirement that a second provider meet full lead-provider training within 6 months.
One requirement is conspicuously absent, and providers arriving from other states get it wrong: ch. DCF 250 imposes no separate pediatric first aid certification on a family child care provider. CPR with AED is mandatory; first aid appears only as a qualifying continuing education topic (DCF 250.05 (4) (c) 1. q.), as an item of driver training (DCF 250.08 (4) (b) 7.) and as a commentary recommendation that a children's first aid manual be kept available.
Ongoing (annual) training
Fifteen hours a year, flat. Each licensee and provider shall satisfactorily complete at least 15 hours of qualifying continuing education annually (DCF 250.05 (4) (c) 1.). Unlike states that scale the requirement to education or experience, Wisconsin applies the same 15 hours to a provider with a doctorate and to one who has just finished Introduction to the Child Care Profession.
The hours count only if they cover a topic on the list in that paragraph, which runs from infectious disease control, medication administration, food and allergic reaction emergencies, hazards, premises safety and emergency preparedness, through child development, caring for children with disabilities, guiding behaviour, nutrition, physical activity and transportation safety, to reporting suspected child abuse or neglect, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, first aid and business operations; they may be earned through training events, conferences, web-based training, observation of other programs, independent reading or viewing educational materials (subd. 2.). Several mandatory trainings count toward the 15 rather than sitting on top of them: DCF 250.05 (3) (e) 3. expressly allows time spent obtaining or renewing CPR training to be counted, and the department's commentary confirms that the 10-hour infant and toddler course and the child abuse and neglect training also count, that technical assistance or coaching received through YoungStar counts for the individual who received it while time spent in a formal YoungStar rating visit does not, and that hours may be used in the year earned and for the following 2 years. A provider shall document the 12-month period constituting the training year and begin a new training year in the same month each year (subd. 4.). DCF does not approve continuing education agencies or trainers;
by contrast, no person or agency may offer the non-credit entry-level training required by DCF 250.05 (3) unless both the agency and the course are department-approved (par. (h)). A licensee who does not personally provide care for at least 50 percent of the center's licensed hours takes on DCF 250.095: written job descriptions, a written personnel policy, staff meetings at least 9 times a calendar year, and presence at the center at least 30 hours per month during its hours of operation for the exclusive purpose of licensee responsibilities (sub. (3), amended August 1, 2026). YoungStar, the state quality rating system, is voluntary in itself but mandatory in effect for anyone wanting subsidy revenue: programs receiving Wisconsin Shares subsidy payments are required to participate, and a licensed family provider who returns the YoungStar Contract (DCF-F-5109) and stays in regulatory compliance is automatically assigned a 2 Star rating with no consultant visit.
Background checks
The check runs under s. 48.686, Stats., and ch. DCF 13, not the s. 48.685 that governs other caregiver settings; DCF 250.03 (1r) defines the background check request form by reference to that statute and chapter, and the instrument is form DCF-F-5296. The scope reaches past employees into the household. Under DCF 250.04 (2) (L) the licensee shall submit a completed request for each potential household member before the date on which that individual becomes a household member, unless the person is under 10 years of age; under par. (m), when a current household member turns 10 the licensee shall submit a request by the department's next business day. Household member is defined at DCF 250.03 (14m) as any person who resides or is expected to reside at the center and who has or may have direct contact with a child in care, whether or not related to the licensee; the commentary reads reside, following s. DCF 13.02 (18), as presence for more than an aggregate of 14 calendar days within a 90-day period. Timing matters at hire: s. 48.686 (2) (ab), Stats., requires the request before the individual becomes a caregiver or household member, and s. 48.686 (4m) (c) bars anyone from beginning to work or reside at the center until preliminary eligibility is received, after which the person may begin but must be supervised by someone with final eligibility until final eligibility arrives.
The disqualifying set is the serious crime list of s. 48.686 (1) (c), Stats., which DCF publishes as Barred Offenses - Regulated Child Care (DCF-P-5206), alongside Potential Barriers to Obtaining a Child Care License (DCF-P-2562). The background check is not the only character test. DCF 250.11 (2) (c) requires licensees to be responsible, mature individuals who are fit and qualified, and directs the department to consider any history of civil or criminal violations substantially related to the care of children by the applicant, an employee, a center resident or anyone participating in the operation, including substantiated findings of child abuse or neglect under ch. 48, Stats., whether or not the abuse produced a charge or conviction. The department may not even process an application if the applicant had a child care license or certification revoked or denied within the previous 2 years, and no one may hire an employee within 2 years of that person's own revocation or denial (par. (g)). After licensure the duty continues: any conviction, charge or offence of the licensee, a provider or a household member must be reported by the next business day (DCF 250.04 (3) (e)). Applicants must also be clear of delinquent state taxes and delinquent unemployment insurance contributions.
The application, step by step
Work through these in order — the prep packet turns them into a checklist you can tick off:
- Submit an Expression of Interest through the Wisconsin Child Care Provider Portal so DCF connects you with the pre-licensing agency for your region (user guide DCF-P-5762). An already-certified operator should instead contact that agency directly, because an Expression of Interest disturbs an existing YoungStar rating and subsidy authorizations.
- Complete pre-licensing technical assistance with a consultant from Wisconsin Early Childhood Association (WECA) or 4C For Children. DCF 250.11 (3) (a) provides that an applicant shall have obtained pre-licensing technical assistance resulting in a completed initial licensing study checklist from a department representative BEFORE submitting an application, and DCF 250.04 (2) (d) notes the department issues the application form only once that assistance is complete. The checklist is DCF-F-CFS2241; the procedural guide is DCF-P-PFS4066.
- Complete the lead provider course or credential before the probationary license issues - three credits in early childhood education or the approved non-credit course plus the business course, or The Registry Family Child Care Credential, or a CDA in family child care (DCF 250.05 (3) (b); DCF 250.11 (3) (cm), created August 1, 2026). Complete abusive head trauma training before licensure and mandated reporter training before working with children (DCF 250.05 (3) (g), (fm)). Register with The Wisconsin Registry.
- Submit a background check request (DCF-F-5296) for yourself and for every household member aged 10 and above before that person becomes a household member, and check the household against Barred Offenses - Regulated Child Care (DCF-P-5206) (DCF 250.04 (2) (L), (m)). Confirm you owe no delinquent state taxes or unemployment insurance contributions, and obtain the physical examination report required by DCF 250.05 (2) (d) 1.
- Bring the residence into compliance with DCF 250.06: 35 square feet of usable indoor floor space per child and 75 square feet of outdoor play space per child based on licensed capacity (subs. (1) (b) 1., (11) (b) 2.); smoke detectors at the head of every open stairway, on each level and in every nap or rest area, tested monthly, plus an interconnected system if any child under 2 will be cared for more than 6 feet above or below ground (sub. (4) (a)); a 2A-10BC fire extinguisher for the kitchen, inspected annually (par. (b)); carbon monoxide detectors in the basement and on each floor level (sub. (2) (l)); radon testing every 2 years; and for a private well, annual testing for total coliform, E. coli and nitrate with lead testing every 5 years (sub. (6) (b)). Complete Choose Safe Places (DHS F-02410).
- Write the emergency plan required by DCF 250.06 (3) (a) covering fire, tornado, flood, extreme heat or cold, loss of building services, human-caused events, allergic reactions, lost or missing children and vehicle accidents, with procedures for evacuation, relocation, shelter-in-place and lock-down; fire evacuation is practised monthly and the tornado plan monthly from April through October, with documentation (par. (b)). Prepare separately the written plan for supervision in an emergency or during a provider's absence required by DCF 250.055 (1) (g).
- Develop the written policies required by DCF 250.04 (2) (e) on enrolment and discharge, fee payment and refunds, child and provider absences, health care including SIDS risk reduction where children under one are served, nutrition, daily activities, child guidance, transportation and field trips, religious instruction if any, and access to pets and animals. Submit them with a completed Policy Checklist (DCF-F-CFS2356), and write the orientation plan required by par. (f). Obtain a federal employer identification number and, if cats or dogs will be accessible to children, liability insurance on the child care business (par. (g)).
- Submit the application at least 60 days before the proposed opening date (DCF 250.11 (3) (b)) on form CFS-0067, Initial License Application - Family Child Care Centers, with everything par. (c) requires: the license fee under s. 48.65 (3) (a), Stats., background check fees and any unpaid forfeiture; background check request forms for the applicant and every household member 10 and above; the department representative's statement on the results of pre-licensing technical assistance; the applicant's statement of compliance; water test results if on a private well; a vehicle safety inspection if transporting children; insurance documentation where required; a copy of all center policies; and the written delegation of administrative authority signed by the licensee, identifying by position or name the persons in charge on the premises for all hours of operation (subd. 8m., created August 1, 2026).
- Undergo the department's investigation, including the licensing representative's visit to the premises (DCF 250.11 (3) (d)), then receive a probationary license with a 6 month duration, renewable for one further 6-month period (par. (e)). DCF lists the initial probationary fee for a 4-to-8-child family center at $15.12, one quarter of the $60.50 biennial fee of s. 48.65 (3) (a), Stats.; veterans may qualify for a waiver under s. 45.44, Stats.
- Post the license where parents can see it during hours of operation, with the compliance statement and departmental notices next to it (DCF 250.04 (2) (h), (i)); give the parents of each enrolled child a summary of ch. DCF 250, the brochure Your Guide to Regulated Child Care (sub. (4) (b)), and a copy of the written policies.
- At least 30 days before the probationary license expires, apply for the regular license with a completed application, the renewal and background check fees, any policy changes not previously submitted, water test results if on a private well, and any changes to the delegation of administrative authority (DCF 250.11 (4) (a)). The regular license is then valid indefinitely unless suspended, revoked or surrendered, but the department reviews it every 2 years, with continuation materials due at least 30 days before each review date (sub. (5)); failing to submit them by the continuation date is treated as surrender of the license and the former licensee may not continue to operate (sub. (2) (h)).
What you must post on your walls
- The child care license itself, posted where parents can see it during the hours of operation (DCF 250.04 (2) (h))
- Posted next to the license: the current licensing statement of compliance or noncompliance and correction plan, including any rule violations the department has not verified as corrected (DCF 250.04 (2) (i) 1. a.)
- Posted next to the license: any departmental notice related to rule violations, such as a warning letter or an enforcement action, and any stipulations, conditions, temporary closures, exceptions or exemptions affecting the license (par. (i) 1. b., c.); all such items shall be visible to parents (subd. 2.)
- Given to parents rather than posted, but enforced the same way: a summary of ch. DCF 250, the brochure Your Guide to Regulated Child Care (DCF 250.04 (4) (b)); the written policies required by par. (2) (e); and written information on whether the licensee carries insurance on the premises and on the child care business (par. (gm))
- Not a posting but a standing right that works like one: parents shall be permitted to visit and observe the center at any time during hours of operation unless parental access is prohibited or restricted by a court order kept on file (DCF 250.04 (4) (a))
Enrollment forms for each child
- CFS-0067, Initial License Application - Family Child Care Centers, issued by the department only after pre-licensing technical assistance is complete (DCF 250.11 (6) (c) note)
- DCF-F-5296, Background Check Request, for the applicant and every household member aged 10 and above (DCF 250.03 (1r); DCF 250.04 (2) (L), (m))
- Initial Licensing Checklist - Family Child Care Centers (DCF-F-CFS2241), which pre-licensing technical assistance must produce before an application may be filed (DCF 250.11 (3) (a))
- Policy Checklist - Family Child Care Centers (DCF-F-CFS2356), filed with the written policies required by DCF 250.04 (2) (e) and refiled whenever a policy changes
- Written delegation of administrative authority signed by the licensee, naming the persons in charge on the premises for all hours of operation (DCF 250.11 (3) (c) 8m., created August 1, 2026)
- Staff records: DCF-F-CFS2255, Staff Orientation Checklist (DCF 250.05 (4) (a)); DCF-F-CFS0054, Staff Health Report (DCF 250.05 (2) (d) 1.); and DCF-F-CFS0053, Staff Continuing Education Record, or a Wisconsin Registry learning record (DCF 250.05 (4) (c))
- DCF-F-CFS0062, Child Care Enrollment: per child, name and birth date, parents' names, address and telephone, where a parent can be reached while the child is in care, emergency contact, physician, authorised pick-up persons and first day of attendance (DCF 250.04 (6) (a) 1.)
- DCF-F-CFS2345, Health History and Emergency Care Plan: per child, conditions such as asthma, diabetes or food allergies, triggers, signs and symptoms, the provider's procedures, when to call the parent, and which providers have specialised training (DCF 250.04 (6) (a) 1.)
- DCF-F-CFS0060, Child Health Report, or an electronic printout: children under 2 need an initial health examination not more than 6 months before nor later than 3 months after admission and a follow-up every 6 months; children 2 to 4, not more than one year before nor later than 3 months after admission with follow-up every 2 years; children 5 and above need no health exam (DCF 250.04 (6) (a) 4.)
- Wisconsin Immunization Registry printout or DHS form F-44192, Child Care Immunization Record, on file no later than 30 school days after the child's first day of attendance (DCF 250.04 (6) (a) 4m.)
- Alternate Arrival/Release Agreement - Child Care, signed by the parent, for a child who comes to or leaves the center unaccompanied (DCF 250.04 (6) (a) 3.); written parental permission for field trips (subd. 2.); and written permission to call the child's physician or refer the child for medical care in case of injury (subd. 5.)
- DCF-F-2438, Daily Attendance Record: actual arrival and departure times and each child's birth date, kept while the child is enrolled (DCF 250.04 (6) (b))
- Incident Report - Regulated Child Care, for reporting to the regional licensing office within 24 hours any incident or accident resulting in professional medical evaluation, the written report due within 5 business days where the first report was by telephone (DCF 250.04 (3) (a))
- DCF-F-CFS0460, Safety and Emergency Response Documentation, recording monthly smoke detector tests, the annual fire extinguisher inspection and the fire and tornado drills (DCF 250.06 (3) (b), (4))
- DCF-F-5109, YoungStar Contract, required of any program accepting Wisconsin Shares subsidy payments
What's specific about getting licensed in Wisconsin
Wisconsin is one of the few states that does NOT publish fixed adult-to-child ratios for home-based care. Instead, ch. DCF 250 uses a numerical-weighting (point) system: every child carries a weight by age (0.25 for an infant down to 0.056 for a school-ager), one provider can hold up to 1.2 total weight, and a second provider is required above that (up to a hard 12-child ceiling). The trap most new providers fall into is thinking 'licensed for 8' means they can always take 8 kids — but eight infants would be 8 × 0.25 = 2.0 weight, far over the 1.2 limit for one adult, and four under-18-month-olds (weight 1.0) legally locks out every additional child except those 5 and up. Compounding it: the provider's OWN children under age 7 count toward the math and the 12-child ceiling, so a provider raising two toddlers has already spent part of their capacity before enrolling a single paying child.
Common mistakes when getting licensed in Wisconsin
The '8 children' number is a red herring
The license says 4–8 unrelated children, but what actually governs day-to-day enrollment is the DCF 250.055 weight table (1.2 total weight per provider) and the 12-child ceiling. Build your enrollment plan around the ages and weights you'll actually serve, not the headline '8'. A group heavy in infants can max out well below 8.
Your own young children eat your capacity
The provider's own children under age 7 count toward the weighting math and the 12-child ceiling. Parents opening a home daycare while raising toddlers routinely over-estimate how many outside children they can legally enroll.
Training and CPR/first-aid deadlines are post-license clocks
Pediatric first aid is due within 2 months and infant/child CPR-AED within 3 months of licensure or hire; at least 10 hours of infant/toddler training is due within 6 months; and the entry-level ECE qualification, business-administration training, shaken-baby and mandated-reporter training, plus 15 hours/year of continuing education are all required. Missing these dates is a common early citation. (Wisconsin's DCF 250 was re-issued effective Aug. 1, 2026 — confirm current deadlines with your pre-licensing agency.)
Background check covers the whole household
It is not just the applicant — every household member and employee/provider aged 10+ must clear the Wis. Stat. §48.685 caregiver check before licensure, and a barred offense (DCF-P-5206) for anyone in the home can sink the application. Delinquent state taxes or unemployment-insurance debt also block licensure.
How long it takes and what it costs in Wisconsin
Timeline: Plan for roughly 3 to 6 months from Expression of Interest to a license in hand. The variable steps are completing the entry-level ECE course, business-administration and infant/toddler training and CPR/first aid, finishing background checks for all household members, preparing written policies, and scheduling the on-site pre-licensing inspection. Wisconsin issues an initial 6-month probationary license first, which then converts to a regular license (renewed via a $60.50 continuation fee every 2 years) after satisfactory operation.
Cost: Licensing fees are low and confirmed on the DCF Child Care Regulation Fees page: an initial 6-month probationary family child care license is $15.12, and the regular license continuation is $60.50 every 2 years (Wis. Stat. §48.65(3)). Out-of-pocket costs beyond the fee — the FBI/DOJ background-check and fingerprint fees, entry-level ECE and infant/toddler course tuition, CPR/first-aid certification, and any home safety improvements — vary and should be confirmed with your pre-licensing agency (WECA or 4C For Children) and The Registry.
Get your Wisconsin prep packet — free
Pick Wisconsin and get one clear packet: your exact capacity and ratios, the training and background checks, plus the application steps, postings and enrollment forms as interactive checklists that save your progress. Free watermarked preview; clean printable PDF for $29.
Build my Wisconsin packet →Wisconsin home daycare licensing — FAQ
How many children can I care for in a Wisconsin home daycare?
Twelve children present, four unrelated children enrolled, and the two numbers are counted differently. The licensed figure is the DCF 250.03 (9) range of at least 4 and not more than 12 children not related to the provider. The physical ceiling is DCF 250.055 (2) (a), amended August 1, 2026: at no time may more than 12 children be in the care of the center, and that limit applies to two populations added together, all children under 7 years of age including a provider's own children (subd. 1.), and all children 7 years of age or older who are not a provider's own children (subd. 2.). Those two subdivisions are where providers get written up. Your own children under 7 occupy space inside the 12 even though, being related to you, they do not count toward the licensed 4-to-12 figure; a provider's own children is defined at DCF 250.03 (28) to include natural or adopted children, foster children, stepchildren and other children residing in the center. Your own children aged 7 and over do not count at all. Other people's children aged 7 and over do count, and the department's commentary is explicit that children 7 or older who visit to play with children in care, or to act as a helper for the provider, are in the provider's care.
Overlap is not forgiven: a period in which more children are present than the ceiling allows, for instance while one shift arrives before another leaves, is a violation, and the commentary states an exception may never be granted to exceed licensed capacity. Capacity is a condition of the license: a licensee shall request an amendment in writing to change the number of children served, the age range, the hours, days or months of operation, or the name of the center, and may not make any of those changes without prior written approval (DCF 250.11 (6) (a), (b)). New with the August 2026 rule, a licensee proposing to increase licensed capacity shall first demonstrate compliance with ch. DCF 250 in the existing center and with the rules for any other facility the department licenses to that licensee (par. (d)): an 8-child licensee does not become a 12-child licensee by adding children. Two structural limits can hold you below 12 whatever the arithmetic allows: 35 square feet of usable indoor floor space per child (DCF 250.06 (1) (b) 1.) and 75 square feet of outdoor play space per child measured against licensed capacity (DCF 250.06 (11) (b) 2.). Operating outside the lane is criminal, not merely administrative: under s. 48.76, Stats., any person who violates s. 48.65 may be fined not more than $500 or imprisoned for not more than one year in county jail or both.
What are the adult-to-child ratios for a home daycare in Wisconsin?
Wisconsin publishes no adult-to-child ratio grid for family child care. It publishes an arithmetic. Under DCF 250.055 (2) (b), recreated effective August 1, 2026, the licensee shall determine the numerical weight of each child's age group from Table DCF 250.055, add the weights, and apply one threshold: 1.2 or less and one provider may care for the group; more than 1.2 and two providers are required. Table DCF 250.055, captioned Maximum Numerical Weight of 1.2 for One Provider, assigns .25 to a child from birth to 17 months, .187 from 18 months to 1 year and 11 months, .125 from 2 years to 4 years and 11 months, and .056 to a child 5 years and older; the department supplies an online calculator and the Child Care Provider-To-Child Ratio Worksheet - Family Child Care Centers rather than a chart, because the answer depends on the mix. Note what the amendment did: the old cutoff at age 2 moved to 18 months, so a child of 18 to 23 months now carries .187 instead of the infant weight. Two hard stops sit on top of the arithmetic. If one provider is caring for 4 children under 18 months, the center may only enrol additional children 5 years of age and older; if 2 providers are caring for 8 children under 18 months, likewise (DCF 250.055 (2) (c)).
And where care is given on a level more than 6 feet above or below ground level, no more than 2 children under 18 months per provider may be there (par. (d)), and an interconnected smoke detection system is required (DCF 250.06 (4) (a) 2.). There is a ceiling on providers as well as on children: s. 48.67 (2m), Stats., as created by 2025 Wisconsin Act 15, directs the department to prohibit a large family child care center from authorising more than 2 providers to give care at one time, which is why 12 is the end of the line rather than a step toward a bigger home program. Who may be counted is as regulated as how many. At least one lead provider trained under DCF 250.05 (3) (b) shall supervise children at all times, except when a substitute is providing care (DCF 250.055 (1) (e)); where a substitute is giving care and 2 providers are required, at least one provider trained under (3) (b) or (3) (bm) shall supervise at all times (par. (em), created August 1, 2026). No person under 18 years of age may be left in sole charge of the children (par. (f)), so a 16-year-old assistant provider may be counted in ratio but never left alone. A volunteer counted in ratio shall be at least 18, and a substitute or volunteer counted in ratio must meet the assistant provider training by the time that person has worked a cumulative 240 hours in the center (DCF 250.05 (3) (c), (cm)).
Two supervision rules complete the picture: a provider shall be awake at all times when children are in care and may not be engaged in any other activity or occupation during hours of operation except daily maintenance of the home (DCF 250.055 (1) (b), (h)); and no provider may care for children more than 16 hours, and no child may be in care more than 14 hours, in any 24-hour period (pars. (c), (d)).
What training do I need to run a home daycare in Wisconsin?
Before you can be licensed: Wisconsin front-loads one course and back-loads the rest, and the August 2026 rule moved the important one forward. Under DCF 250.05 (3) (b), as amended effective August 1, 2026, before receiving a license or beginning to work with children a licensee or lead provider shall be at least 18 years of age and satisfactorily complete one of the following: subd. 1., BOTH three credits in early childhood education or a department-approved non-credit course in early childhood education (the approved course is Introduction to the Child Care Profession) AND a non-credit department-approved course in operating a child care business or 2 credits in business or program administration (the approved course is Fundamentals of Family Child Care); or subd. 2., The Registry Family Child Care Credential; or subd. 3., a child development associate credential in family child care from the Council for Professional Recognition. A person licensed or providing care in regulated child care continuously since December 31, 2008 is exempt from the business course. New with the August 2026 rule, DCF 250.11 (3) (cm) makes this a condition precedent rather than a first-year obligation: before receiving a probationary license, an applicant shall satisfactorily complete the same course or credential required of a lead provider.
Two further trainings precede the license or contact with children. Prior to obtaining a license or working with children under 5, a licensee, provider, substitute, volunteer, emergency back-up provider or any other person providing care shall complete department-approved training in shaken baby syndrome and abusive head trauma and appropriate ways to manage crying, fussing or distraught children (DCF 250.05 (3) (g)); the current course, Abusive Head Trauma Prevention Training for Child Care Providers, is free online from DCF. Prior to working with children and at least every 2 years thereafter, each provider and substitute shall complete training in child abuse and neglect laws, how to identify abused or neglected children, and the procedure for immediate reporting (par. (fm)). Everything else is dated from licensure or hire, not before. Within 3 months after licensure or hire each licensee and provider shall obtain a certificate of completion for a department-approved course in infant and child cardiopulmonary resuscitation including use of an automated external defibrillator, and shall keep it current (par. (e)); where the certificate shows no validity period the training must be renewed yearly.
At least 10 hours of department-approved training in the care of infants and toddlers is due within 6 months after becoming licensed or working with children under 2 (par. (f)). A physical examination report completed within 12 months before or 30 days after licensure or hire must state that the person is free from illness detrimental to children including tuberculosis and is physically able to work with young children (DCF 250.05 (2) (d) 1.), and a Wisconsin Registry certificate showing the person is qualified for the position is due the later of 6 months after licensure or starting work (par. (e) 1.). Every provider, employee, volunteer or substitute shall receive a documented orientation from the licensee before working with children, covering the 15 items of DCF 250.05 (4) (a). The August 2026 rule created a second staff tier: an assistant provider shall be at least 16 years old, shall work under the supervision of a lead provider, and shall complete within 6 months of assuming the position either two credits in early childhood education or its equivalent, one non-credit department-approved early childhood course, or an assistant child care teacher training program approved by the Department of Public Instruction (DCF 250.05 (3) (bm)); the same rule repealed the program aide position and the old requirement that a second provider meet full lead-provider training within 6 months.
One requirement is conspicuously absent, and providers arriving from other states get it wrong: ch. DCF 250 imposes no separate pediatric first aid certification on a family child care provider. CPR with AED is mandatory; first aid appears only as a qualifying continuing education topic (DCF 250.05 (4) (c) 1. q.), as an item of driver training (DCF 250.08 (4) (b) 7.) and as a commentary recommendation that a children's first aid manual be kept available. Ongoing training: Fifteen hours a year, flat. Each licensee and provider shall satisfactorily complete at least 15 hours of qualifying continuing education annually (DCF 250.05 (4) (c) 1.). Unlike states that scale the requirement to education or experience, Wisconsin applies the same 15 hours to a provider with a doctorate and to one who has just finished Introduction to the Child Care Profession.
The hours count only if they cover a topic on the list in that paragraph, which runs from infectious disease control, medication administration, food and allergic reaction emergencies, hazards, premises safety and emergency preparedness, through child development, caring for children with disabilities, guiding behaviour, nutrition, physical activity and transportation safety, to reporting suspected child abuse or neglect, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, first aid and business operations; they may be earned through training events, conferences, web-based training, observation of other programs, independent reading or viewing educational materials (subd. 2.). Several mandatory trainings count toward the 15 rather than sitting on top of them: DCF 250.05 (3) (e) 3. expressly allows time spent obtaining or renewing CPR training to be counted, and the department's commentary confirms that the 10-hour infant and toddler course and the child abuse and neglect training also count, that technical assistance or coaching received through YoungStar counts for the individual who received it while time spent in a formal YoungStar rating visit does not, and that hours may be used in the year earned and for the following 2 years. A provider shall document the 12-month period constituting the training year and begin a new training year in the same month each year (subd. 4.). DCF does not approve continuing education agencies or trainers;
by contrast, no person or agency may offer the non-credit entry-level training required by DCF 250.05 (3) unless both the agency and the course are department-approved (par. (h)). A licensee who does not personally provide care for at least 50 percent of the center's licensed hours takes on DCF 250.095: written job descriptions, a written personnel policy, staff meetings at least 9 times a calendar year, and presence at the center at least 30 hours per month during its hours of operation for the exclusive purpose of licensee responsibilities (sub. (3), amended August 1, 2026). YoungStar, the state quality rating system, is voluntary in itself but mandatory in effect for anyone wanting subsidy revenue: programs receiving Wisconsin Shares subsidy payments are required to participate, and a licensed family provider who returns the YoungStar Contract (DCF-F-5109) and stays in regulatory compliance is automatically assigned a 2 Star rating with no consultant visit.
What background checks does Wisconsin require?
The check runs under s. 48.686, Stats., and ch. DCF 13, not the s. 48.685 that governs other caregiver settings; DCF 250.03 (1r) defines the background check request form by reference to that statute and chapter, and the instrument is form DCF-F-5296. The scope reaches past employees into the household. Under DCF 250.04 (2) (L) the licensee shall submit a completed request for each potential household member before the date on which that individual becomes a household member, unless the person is under 10 years of age; under par. (m), when a current household member turns 10 the licensee shall submit a request by the department's next business day. Household member is defined at DCF 250.03 (14m) as any person who resides or is expected to reside at the center and who has or may have direct contact with a child in care, whether or not related to the licensee; the commentary reads reside, following s. DCF 13.02 (18), as presence for more than an aggregate of 14 calendar days within a 90-day period. Timing matters at hire: s. 48.686 (2) (ab), Stats., requires the request before the individual becomes a caregiver or household member, and s. 48.686 (4m) (c) bars anyone from beginning to work or reside at the center until preliminary eligibility is received, after which the person may begin but must be supervised by someone with final eligibility until final eligibility arrives.
The disqualifying set is the serious crime list of s. 48.686 (1) (c), Stats., which DCF publishes as Barred Offenses - Regulated Child Care (DCF-P-5206), alongside Potential Barriers to Obtaining a Child Care License (DCF-P-2562). The background check is not the only character test. DCF 250.11 (2) (c) requires licensees to be responsible, mature individuals who are fit and qualified, and directs the department to consider any history of civil or criminal violations substantially related to the care of children by the applicant, an employee, a center resident or anyone participating in the operation, including substantiated findings of child abuse or neglect under ch. 48, Stats., whether or not the abuse produced a charge or conviction. The department may not even process an application if the applicant had a child care license or certification revoked or denied within the previous 2 years, and no one may hire an employee within 2 years of that person's own revocation or denial (par. (g)). After licensure the duty continues: any conviction, charge or offence of the licensee, a provider or a household member must be reported by the next business day (DCF 250.04 (3) (e)). Applicants must also be clear of delinquent state taxes and delinquent unemployment insurance contributions.
Is this legal advice?
No. DaycareLicensePrep gives general information based on each state's published child-care licensing rules, dated to when we last verified them, and is not a guarantee of licensure. Always confirm with your state's licensing agency before applying.
Wisconsin changes its rules — we'll tell you
Getting licensed takes months, and states revise these numbers. Leave your email and we'll write to you when Wisconsin's requirements change. Nothing else, ever — and you can unsubscribe from any message.
Source: Primary rule text: DCF 250 Licensing Rules for Family Child Care Centers, the department's rule book at https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/cclicensing/rules/fcc , headed 'Licensing rules effective August 1, 2026' (Register March No. 843A4) - read for DCF 250.01 to 250.07, including the DCF 250.03 definitions, DCF 250.04 (operational requirements, postings, reporting, child records), DCF 250.05 (staff) and DCF 250.055 with Table DCF 250.055. Section titles cross-checked at https://www.law.cornell.edu/regulations/wisconsin/agency-department-of-children-and-families/DCF-201-252/chapter-DCF-250 . The immediately preceding edition, with the department's own commentary, was read in full as a PDF: DCF-P-PFS4069 (R. 03/2026), https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/files/publications/pdf/4069.pdf - source of the verbatim text of DCF 250.03, 250.04, 250.05, 250.055, 250.06, 250.095, 250.10 and 250.11, and of Appendix B, which reprints ss. 48.65, 48.66, 48.67, 48.686 and 48.76, Stats.
The August 2026 amendments were read in the department's hearing rule text, 'Large Family Child Care Centers and Assistant Child Care Teachers, DCF 250, 251, and 252' (scope statement SS 059-25), https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/files/ccregulation/rules2026/bblgfamastch/437-dcf-250-251-252-hearingruletxt-lgfamilycenters-asstccteachers2.pdf - its SECTIONS 1 to 27 give the amended text of DCF 250.03 (9), (1m), (17g), (27), 250.05 (3) (b), (bm), (c), (cm), 250.055 (1) (e), (em), (2) (a), (b), (c) and Table DCF 250.055, 250.06 (1) (b) 1. and (11) (b) 2., 250.095 (3), and 250.11 (2) (am), (3) (c) 8m., (cm) and (6) (d), plus the department's analysis of s. 48.67 (2m), Stats., as created by 2025 Wisconsin Act 15. Agency pages read: https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/cclicensing (the 4-to-12 and 13-or-more thresholds effective August 1, 2026), https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/cclicensing/rules , https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/cclicensing/startcc (Expression of Interest, WECA and 4C For Children, form numbers), https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/childcare/ccadminrule (the rulemaking project and effective date), https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/ccregulation/fees (the $60.50 biennial and $15.12 initial probationary fees for a 4-to-8-child family center), https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/cccertification , and https://dcf.wisconsin.gov/youngstar/providers/contract .
The official Revisor's version at https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/code/admin_code/dcf/201_252/250 could NOT be fetched from this environment - the connection was refused at network level on every attempt - so every rule number above was verified against the department's own rule book and hearing rule text instead.
Verified 2026-08-24. General information, not legal advice and not a guarantee of licensure — confirm with your state’s licensing agency before applying.